I think the combined market cap/revenue of all the companies you mention would still be less than any of the 4 biggest tech companies of the US. Even the Chines

I think the combined market cap/revenue of all the companies you mention would still be less than any of the 4 biggest tech companies of the US. Even the Chinese companies are way bigger. > A much more likely reason to me seems that Europe is much more diversified in law and culture, a Paris company has a much harder time expanding to London or Berlin than an San Fransisco one will have for Los Angeles or New York. This naturally leads to more, smaller companies. I am not sure that's the case. The EU car companies had overtaken the US car companies, inspite of the above scenarios.