Yes they are issued by the cities (so pictures and fingerprints are taken there) but are of course created by the interior ministry, not by the cities themselve

Yes they are issued by the cities (so pictures and fingerprints are taken there) but are of course created by the interior ministry, not by the cities themselves as far as I know. Same for the national IDs. Are there particular evidence of fraud ? It's the second time I see this comment recently. Belgium has the Registre National where everything is centrally stored (including passport data, you can see all passports and IDs issued in your name there for instance), it's not totally a city-by-city thing.