Classes are used for a variety of things. Let's look at it from a language designer's perspective. If design a language and you want to offer inheritance, speci

Classes are used for a variety of things. Let's look at it from a language designer's perspective. If design a language and you want to offer inheritance, specialization,.... you will often end up with offering classes. Once you have that you could decide to offer namespaces. But, a class with some static methods comes quite close to what you need to offer for a namespace. Hold on: you can use classes to combine some functionality that belongs together and come close to what you need for modules. It's not a surprise the designers of java, c#, ... went that route.