I'm not a webdev, but TypeScript has an appeal for me. I think one thing that clearly separates it from others is tooling. VS Code, love it or hate it, is an en

I'm not a webdev, but TypeScript has an appeal for me. I think one thing that clearly separates it from others is tooling. VS Code, love it or hate it, is an enabler and currently it works great with TS, both are Microsoft products. Also TypeScript _is_ JavaScript with types augmentation. In this manner it is from worse-is-better school of thought which almost always leads to a long time leader. All technologies you listed were either a framework or something that made you bend your solution around it. For comparison you can add a type annotation to your vanilla JS code to start using TS goodies. Comparison to Closure Compiler would be more fitting, but it was a bit awkward and it never achieved a significant fraction of TS's adoption. It probably is still used, but there is no competition between them. Also it never had as good an IDE.