Since you generally want to keep a set number of time steps the commonly used data structure for this is a ring buffer. No garbage and all you do is increment t

Since you generally want to keep a set number of time steps the commonly used data structure for this is a ring buffer. No garbage and all you do is increment the index (with wraparound) every step. Not a lot of technical details, but this video has a great general overview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3aieHjyNvw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3aieHjyNvw