Learned Optimism & Explanatory Style: - Permanence: Optimists point to specific temporary causes for negative events; pessimists point to permanent causes. -

Learned Optimism & Explanatory Style: - Permanence: Optimists point to specific temporary causes for negative events; pessimists point to permanent causes. - Pervasiveness: Optimistic people compartmentalize helplessness, whereas pessimistic people assume that failure in one area of life means failure in life as a whole. - Personalization: Optimists blame bad events on causes outside of themselves, whereas pessimists blame themselves for events that occur. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_optimism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_optimism