I see, you meant things in a more literal sense. I generally agree with you in that case, that the customer experience should be the thing which the team owns,

I see, you meant things in a more literal sense. I generally agree with you in that case, that the customer experience should be the thing which the team owns, which incidentally involves owning software components. But on the other hand, it's also certainly the case that at a company of a given size or in a given sector, certain kinds of software components and infrastructure are not directly customer facing and yet must be owned in house, and logistically serve as one of (if not the only) competitive advantage over competitors. Is it wasteful to have whole teams at GOOG, FB et al owning and improving the state of the art of infrastructure? It depends. At a certain point, there are enough internal customers for teams to reach contribution margin positive on engineering initiatives that have no direct but only second order effects on customer experience.