No. The immune system is incompletely understood and staggeringly complex. It’s not a single performer or a band: it’s a symphony. You can examine individual

No. The immune system is incompletely understood and staggeringly complex. It’s not a single performer or a band: it’s a symphony. You can examine individual parts to your heart’s desire, but the true nature of the immune system arises in the emergent properties of the system. Your “first level” is something we already do with primary and immortalized cells and it can be a useful model. Your next level would be called co-culture and it also is something we already do. These can be static cultures or connected to flow systems or bioreactors or whatever. These are imperfect models, but they can help to yield useful answers for questions in the model’s scope. The closest fidelity to human immune systems would be animal models, and the closest of these would be Rhesus macaques, and indeed these are used for vaccine development.