To point 2, nearly half of black students admitted to Ivy League schools are from African immigrant families. And of those who are descended from American slave

To point 2, nearly half of black students admitted to Ivy League schools are from African immigrant families. And of those who are descended from American slaves, I'm sure an analysis of their family socioeconomic background would show they're fairly well off, in general. The problem with affirmative action policies is that they end up benefiting a small social layer of mostly well-off black people, and that they do almost nothing for the vast majority of black people. But because affirmative action costs almost nothing to implement, it's an easy policy that many people support. A real policy that addresses poverty is what is needed, not an arbitrary boost for college admissions based on skin color.