GUI search is awful, but it does exist. Right clicking on an object type node (e.g. 'Tables' or 'Procedures' in the object explorer) and selecting the 'Filter'

GUI search is awful, but it does exist. Right clicking on an object type node (e.g. 'Tables' or 'Procedures' in the object explorer) and selecting the 'Filter' option gives you a limited search feature for objects in that node. It is clumsy and painful, and I will most often just query the sys schema to search for objects, but GUI search is there.