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I'm inclined to mostly agree with you. Perhaps mathematics is discovered, but mathematical processes are invented? For eg, π was discovered (surely it wasn't in

I'm inclined to mostly agree with you. Perhaps mathematics is discovered, but mathematical processes are invented? For eg, π was discovered (surely it wasn't invented because it's seen everywhere in nature), but calculus was invented? I'm no mathematician though, so my understanding may not be perfect. Edit: FWIW, Wikipedia uses the verb "developed" for calculus: > Infinitesimal calculus was developed independently in the late 17th century by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz... https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus

notRobot 7y ago
Hm. Now that I think about it, maybe mathematics is a language that we use to express the universe? In which case it was invented? But surely, pi exists as a concept in nature and is something that we found, and didn't come up with? Confusing stuff.
- bronson 7y ago
  Hannah Fry covered this pretty well for a non-maths audience: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0bn9dth https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0bn9dth Yes, the closer you look, the more difficult it gets.
- NikolaeVarius 7y ago
  What does it even mean to "exist as a concept in nature". Pi is a ratio derived from physical existence that humanity collectively gave a name to since its a regular property of the fact that our universe is tuned in the way it currently is.
  - jlokier 7y ago
    Pi has nothing to do with our universe or the way it is tuned. It's more fundamental than that. It would be the same value in any universe. You don't need circles, or Euclidean space, to discover Pi. It arises in all sorts of pure mathematics that have no direct connection to physical circles. That said I suspect you are right that we gave a name to it because it comes up so obviously in our experience.