In college, we had a class called "Detection Theory", which handled this topic - and was required for people that studied signal processing / telecom / telemetr

In college, we had a class called "Detection Theory", which handled this topic - and was required for people that studied signal processing / telecom / telemetry / remote sensing / etc. Here's a quick wiki link for that topic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detection_theory https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detection_theory