But I read in several places that smaller banks had 0% reserve requirements. Also since covid-19 liquidity crisis, the Fed lowered it to 0% for all banks. So th

But I read in several places that smaller banks had 0% reserve requirements. Also since covid-19 liquidity crisis, the Fed lowered it to 0% for all banks. So this ratio of 9 to 1 is outdated and the liquidity crisis proved to us that this 9 to 1 ratio was not sustainable to begin with. The small banks were the ones printing money out of thin air. A lot of that newly printed money just happened to find its way back to the big banks due to corporate centralization of capital but it wasn't enough. You can't understand how the financial system works just by looking at the biggest banks... You have to look at all the banks in aggregate and see how the new money flows into the system. The fact is that new money which was printed and loaned out of thin air enters the financial system faster than interest accrues on all the old loans which were themselves printed out of thin air at an earlier date. If you're a central bank and you created your own unique currency out of nothing (which is precisely what they did) and loaned 100 units of it to some people at 10% interest over a 1 year term... How will they be able to repay you back 110 units of the same currency considering that there are only 100 units in existence? Not possible. The only way it can happen is if you keep constantly injecting new loans into the system and the credit from the new loans ends up paying for the debt and interest of the old loans.