Your big problem with 10 images is going to be overfitting. By modifying an image and training on that too, you're effectively teaching the network that that so

Your big problem with 10 images is going to be overfitting. By modifying an image and training on that too, you're effectively teaching the network that that sort of modification shouldn't change the label. It learns a kind of invariant. That invariant isn't the same as actually seeing the dog from another angle, but it's better than nothing.