I don't see how #1 solves anything. The biggest issue which leads to all the cascading effects is the hospitals can charge a ridiculous amount for goods and ser

I don't see how #1 solves anything. The biggest issue which leads to all the cascading effects is the hospitals can charge a ridiculous amount for goods and services, with some hospitals charging more than 1000% more than what the government thinks they should (https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/06/hospitals-that-charge-1000-more-than-they-should/395099/ https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/06/hospitals...). I had a colonoscopy done a year ago and the prices pre-insurance ranged anywhere from $7000-$16000 depending on the location, all within network. I ended up paying just $1300 because of my insurance with a couple hundred covered by my HSA account. Why is there such a drastic price difference between places? Why are hospitals and other care providers that have a monopoly over an area able to act like a monopoly and have complete control over pricing? Everything else is just a 2nd order effect.