If a doctor were to ask a patient for 100k$ or they won't do a life saving operation, then the patients consent is fabricated. Their need for a life saving oper

If a doctor were to ask a patient for 100k$ or they won't do a life saving operation, then the patients consent is fabricated. Their need for a life saving operation is the third party. I think you misunderstood what I mean by third party; it's not necessarily a person, legal or natural, interfering with the transaction, it can be a force of nature, circumstances and many other things. It won't go away because you don't like it. And yes, there is such things as "coerced by circumstances", see above example. Normally, when you buy food, water or medical care you're not in a life threatening situation or perceived or real emergency. If you are then you cannot give informed and free consent, simple as that.