Fair question! "Duck typing" can be implicit, if you can call quack() on this() without error, you (the programmer) assume it's a Duck. The language may make i

Fair question! "Duck typing" can be implicit, if you can call quack() on this() without error, you (the programmer) assume it's a Duck. The language may make it explicit (loosely structural typed like in golang, or other variations), or implicit (like in ruby). There are varying degrees, but you should be able to have a collection of the "Ducks" and be able to invoke quack() on them all. Can't really say I see the connection with reflection. If quack() fails, you can get an error, either at runtime or compile-time. So no reflection required, though using reflection you may avoid errors dynamically. Structural Typing as a concept is much better defined though.