For most insurance, patients pay 30% copay maximum for any procedure (emergency or standard), but the minimum monthly payment (yes, it's not due all at once, wh

For most insurance, patients pay 30% copay maximum for any procedure (emergency or standard), but the minimum monthly payment (yes, it's not due all at once, which I think should also be legislated here in the States) is capped according to income. Hospitals are private, and both they and doctors negotiate every two years to set prices for everything from MRIs to stitches. The insurance industry is also private, but they have a public-run insurer for Japanese poor. AFAIK, taxes are taken just for the public-run insurance, to which only a small percentage of Japanese apply, but for private insurance (which the rest are mandated to have), it's paid through premiums per month, which is on average about $250/mo per family (and employers pay for almost all of that).