I think these systems would be applied less toward real-time shoplifting and more toward investigating and preventing repeat or systematic fraud, e.g. "hot exch

I think these systems would be applied less toward real-time shoplifting and more toward investigating and preventing repeat or systematic fraud, e.g. "hot exchanges" (https://consumerist.com/2016/11/23/three-return-scams-retailers-will-be-looking-for-this-holiday-season/ https://consumerist.com/2016/11/23/three-return-scams-retail...) (https://consumerist.com/2017/04/18/man-steals-11000-in-stuff-from-home-depot-then-returned-it-all-for-refunds/ https://consumerist.com/2017/04/18/man-steals-11000-in-stuff...) Using Home Depot as a retail example, more and more, when you walk into their stores you may find cameras with signs boldly stating that "you're on camera" in aisles, at self-checkout registers, and at customer service desks (i.e. return desks). These are meant to be a basic deterrent, but can also be used for investigation related to returns abuse/fraud. Many retail stores have allowed customer returns without a proof of purchase. In some cases, they provide cash refunds, below a certain dollar amount. Most stores now issue gift cards/store credit, which can still be resold on card exchange marketplaces, ebay, etc for most of the card value ~90%.