This is kind of a sub-issue but from the infographic in TFA: >Q. Will DoH lead to a greater centralization of DNS, which will be bad for the Internet as a whol

This is kind of a sub-issue but from the infographic in TFA: >Q. Will DoH lead to a greater centralization of DNS, which will be bad for the Internet as a whole? >A. We agree that centralization is bad for the Internet. Today in practice, DNS is >centralized because consumer devices are locked to the DNS service of the ISPs. >And just five companies control over 80% of the US broadband internet market. For one thing, 5 independent providers within the same country is not exactly centralized in my opinion. As far as I understand it Americans don't always effectively have the choice of which ISP they can use, but that's not a technological problem. You won't solve monopolistic and anti-competitive practices with a new layer 7 protocol. Furthermore what does Mozilla mean by "locked to the DNS service of the ISPs", do they block DNS queries to other services? Here in Europe I can switch to a different DNS any time I want. Sure, it's easier to stick with the defaults and most people will do that but "locked" is a strong word which I suspect is inaccurate in this case. By that definition of "centralized" you could argue that email is effectively centralized since most people just use the free service provided by a handful of providers. >The immediate impact of Mozilla enabling DoH in Firefox will be less >centralization, not more because it shifts traffic away from large ISPs, and >provides users with more choice, while respecting enterprise DNS >configurations. So 5 ISPs meant that the service was effectively centralized, but (at this time) two competing DoH services with Cloudflare selected by default is "less centralization"?