The neutral handles the expected load, while the ground is designed specifically to be an alternate current path from the case (assuming it is conductive) that

The neutral handles the expected load, while the ground is designed specifically to be an alternate current path from the case (assuming it is conductive) that has low resistance and will immediately flow enough current to trip the breaker in case the hot somehow comes into contact with the case. Neutral does not go through the breaker, correct.