You can have specious repetition, code that is identical only by coincidence, not in a deep semantic sense. To determine what it is, you need to understand the

You can have specious repetition, code that is identical only by coincidence, not in a deep semantic sense. To determine what it is, you need to understand the domain. Part of that is knowing not just what it is, but how it generalizes and predicting how it is likely to change. Of course, this is approaching perfection. One could also cut and paste monkey-like, e.g. instead of looping (without a performance need to unroll loops).