Marketable water rights in cattle ranching regions are around $0.01 per gallon in many areas last I checked. These are fully priced into the cost of beef becaus

Marketable water rights in cattle ranching regions are around $0.01 per gallon in many areas last I checked. These are fully priced into the cost of beef because the producers are often literally paying for it. This isn't a hidden subsidy. Clearly the above "subsidy" numbers must have taken some liberties with the truth, or beef would be impossibly expensive at the grocery store. Source: I used to own water rights in cattle country and did deals with beef producers that wanted to use that water for cattle.