Another one to add: if N is big enough, even statistically improbable events like single bit flips in memory become likely or even nigh-certain. For example, if

Another one to add: if N is big enough, even statistically improbable events like single bit flips in memory become likely or even nigh-certain. For example, if you set up a bunch of fake domains that differ from real domains in a single bit, you might get upwards of a dozen hits per day from clients clearly trying to reach the real service - this is called Bitsquatting: http://dinaburg.org/bitsquatting.html http://dinaburg.org/bitsquatting.html For example, setting up the server "mic2osoft.com" (a one-bit-flip error from microsoft.com) yielded this request: msgr.dlservice.mic2osoft.com 213.178.224.xxx "GET /download/A/6/1/A616CCD4-B0CA-4A3D-B975-3EDB38081B38/ar/wlsetup-cvr.exe HTTP/1.1" 404 268 "Microsoft BITS/6.6" This is a machine trying to download some kind of update package from the wrong server because somewhere in its memory the "r" from "microsoft.com" got flipped to a 2 (0x72 -> 0x32).