There's an interesting history of one-way content delivery by satellite. Although info on the service is now sparse, since at least 1995 PageSat was delivering

There's an interesting history of one-way content delivery by satellite. Although info on the service is now sparse, since at least 1995 PageSat was delivering a constant feed of Usenet updates via satellite broadcast as a means for smaller ISPs and BBS operators to avoid the (at the time) substantial bandwidth required to receive NNTP - I once worked in a rural university IT operation that no longer used the service but still had the hardware lying around. This sparked an interest in the broader ways that content has been delivered by satellite, predating the practicality of two-way VSATs. A prime example is the use of IP-over-MPEG to deliver the downlink side of a consumer internet connection via satellite television broadcast, while the uplink uses dial-up or ADSL. This arrangement is unusual in the US today but still in use occasionally. On the other hand, there are still organizations trying to use the same "broadcast internet" model. Cidera nèe SkyCache flopped on using satellite broadcast to deliver content to edge CDN nodes in the early 2000s, and Outernet is currently flopping (minor opinion inserted there) on delivering educational content using a similar model. This is viable in certain niches. The broadcast industry, for example, makes use of similar systems with the Public Radio Satellite System (affiliated with NPR) using one-way UDP broadcast to deliver live events and recorded syndicated programs to member stations. This has the upside of lower and latency and much lower jitter compared to the internet but the margin of superiority over conventional internet delivery is getting narrower by the day. On a slightly related tangent, the general nature of the design of satellite data relay (with spot antennas covering relatively broad areas of the planet) means that the downlink channel of any satellite internet customer can generally be received over a wide area, even if they are using a modern two-way VSAT. With reasonable encryption this doesn't pose much of a problem, but some satellite ISPs, particularly in the developing world, continue to make use of unencrypted IP-over-MPEG for their downlink. This allows a malicious eavesdropper anywhere in the region to receive the traffic one direction, which has the extremely important implication that it allows them to hijack TCP sessions by intercepting sequence numbers - this enables IP spoofing over TCP, something that is generally regarded as impossible. This is sufficiently reliable that it has been used as part of the C2 infrastructure in botnets. I have a research paper on this somewhere.