6 ms·

Rust Lang in a nutshell

194 points by Edouar1 7y ago

vsnf 7y ago
See also, https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/title-page.html https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/title-page.html
- rgoulter 7y ago
  I tend to like "Learn X in Y minutes" for a quick overview of common syntax / constructs. https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/rust/ https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/rust/
  - psibi 7y ago
    I have written down the summary of the Rust book when I was learning and going through the book: https://github.com/psibi/rust-book-summary https://github.com/psibi/rust-book-summary It's much denser than "Learn X in Y minutes" but it covers more.
savolai 7y ago
let s1 ="hello world"; let s2 = s1; // copied – x1 is still valid let x1 = 2; let x2 = x1; // copied – x1 is still valid println!("{} for the {}nd time!", s1, x1); Typo in first comment? s1 vs x1?
- msrokk 7y ago
  fixed, thank you
Karliss 7y ago
Example for skipping return keyword in case of early return is just wrong. It can be made to work if you have if x > 0 { x } else { x + 1 } but then it isn't early return anymore.
- wycy 7y ago
  Yeah the early return example is wrong. Demonstration code: https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2018&code=fn%20main()%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20println!(%22foo(3)%3D%7B%7D%22%2Cfoo(3))%3B%0A%20%20%20%20println!(%22foo(-3)%3D%7B%7D%22%2Cfoo(-3))%3B%0A%7D%0A%0Afn%20foo(x%3A%20i32)%20-%3E%20i32%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20if%20x%20%3E%200%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20x%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20x%20%2B%201%0A%7D https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&editio... Try removing the `return` and the semicolon.
- bartkk 7y ago
  Thank you. We fixed this unfortunate example, and added some more explanation.
mcjiggerlog 7y ago
Looks like it's down. Webcache version - https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:SHrbchRsRpQJ:https://www.softax.pl/blog/rust-lang-in-a-nutshell-1-introduction https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:SHrbch...
- msrokk 7y ago
  we had some trouble but now it’s working
dantodor 7y ago
Err Too many redirects
- msrokk 7y ago
  we had some trouble but now it’s working
Lorkki 7y ago
This seems like a fairly gentle introduction. I will definitely consider it as a starting point for more junior developers interested in touching our Rust code. For those with more experience, Rust By Example walks through the same concepts in a more compact form that also lets you experiment with the code in your browser: https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/index.html https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/index.html
chrismorgan 7y ago
Skimming through this, there are syntax errors (e.g. → instead of -> and ’ instead of ' in some function signatures), inconsistencies in code style, and a number of content errors (e.g. the content surrounding early return is still quite wrong and suggests a lack of understanding of the actual feature, expression-orientation; and the description of what &str is; and the description of Copy and copy semantics being simplified beyond what I would consider truth). Overall it’s a decent summary and most of the content seems correct, but be careful.
- sansnomme 7y ago
  The arrow thing is probably just editor font ligatures.
  - deleted 7y ago
    [deleted]
xwowsersx 7y ago
I highly, highly recommend this crash course from Michael Snoyman: https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2018/10/introducing-rust-crash-course https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2018/10/introducing-rust-crash-...
lordleft 7y ago
I'm increasingly intrigued by Rust. Can anyone recommend a good analysis / benchmarking of Rust compared to C/C++ code? Curious how it fares on a performance basis.
- bluejekyll 7y ago
  This is by no means scientific, but it’s a fun benchmark, there’s some debate about the fastest Rust options submitted (ie I believe there were faster than C versions that were rejected). C: https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... Clang (for common llvm backend between rust and c): https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust-clang.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... C++: https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust-gpp.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... Rust is pretty much on par with both C and C++.
  - rumanator 7y ago
    > This is by no means scientific, It's actually very scientific (testing hypothesis, measuring results, etc) but might not be generalizable.
    - tasubotadas 7y ago
      What's missing in these tests is that they do not capture the required knowledge by the developer to achieve those results. If anybody has actually checked C/C++ examples, one could see that they use non-trivial techniques/libraries to achieve superior performance. What would be REALLY interesting to see is breakdown of the performance by the years of experience of people that submitted working code examples. I have a feeling that a developer with one year of experience in Java, will probably beat developers with two years of experience in C/C++.
      - igouy 7y ago
        Do you have an example of program performance measurements that do "capture the required knowledge by the developer" ? How can you tell that the knowledge was actually "required" rather than incidental ? Wouldn't it depend exactly what experience they gained in that one year and how relevant it was to the task at hand?
brianzelip 7y ago
Just heard an insightful (for an outsider) podcast episode on Rust with the folks behind much of the resources being shared here in this thread. _An Introduction to Rust featuring Carol Nichols and Jake Goulding_, https://www.heroku.com/podcasts/codeish/34-an-introduction-to-rust https://www.heroku.com/podcasts/codeish/34-an-introduction-t...
cpascal 7y ago
If you are more of an interactive learner I would recommend installing rust on your machine and then cloning the rustlings repo https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings. Rustlings is an interactive collection of rust exercises that are either incorrect or incomplete. The exercises are grouped into key concepts of rust and cross referenced with relevant chapters in the rust book https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ The general flow is to open up the given chapter of the rust book for a set of exercises and hack away at them until they compile. It's a good way to quickly get an introduction to rust and its core features.
- tasubotadas 7y ago
  Having gone through rustlings while learning rust, I can say that apart syntax overview, they are almost useless. I was much more successful by studying the rust book while trying to solve/implement not completely trivial pet projects.
  - QueijoFresco 7y ago
    Do you mind sharing what kind of projects? Just in case you have a list laying around.
    - tasubotadas 7y ago
      That would be something like: * ToDo list with UI * Stock Quote retrieval/analysis * Toy VM/Interpreter
  - hechang1997 7y ago
    "Too many linkedlists" is an excellent tutorial for understanding ownership IMO.

194 points by Edouar1 7y ago

vsnf 7y ago

See also, https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/title-page.html https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/title-page.html

rgoulter 7y ago
I tend to like "Learn X in Y minutes" for a quick overview of common syntax / constructs. https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/rust/ https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/rust/
- psibi 7y ago
  I have written down the summary of the Rust book when I was learning and going through the book: https://github.com/psibi/rust-book-summary https://github.com/psibi/rust-book-summary It's much denser than "Learn X in Y minutes" but it covers more.

savolai 7y ago

let s1 ="hello world"; let s2 = s1; // copied – x1 is still valid let x1 = 2; let x2 = x1; // copied – x1 is still valid println!("{} for the {}nd time!", s1, x1); Typo in first comment? s1 vs x1?

msrokk 7y ago
fixed, thank you

Karliss 7y ago

Example for skipping return keyword in case of early return is just wrong. It can be made to work if you have if x > 0 { x } else { x + 1 } but then it isn't early return anymore.

wycy 7y ago
Yeah the early return example is wrong. Demonstration code: https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2018&code=fn%20main()%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20println!(%22foo(3)%3D%7B%7D%22%2Cfoo(3))%3B%0A%20%20%20%20println!(%22foo(-3)%3D%7B%7D%22%2Cfoo(-3))%3B%0A%7D%0A%0Afn%20foo(x%3A%20i32)%20-%3E%20i32%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20if%20x%20%3E%200%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20x%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20x%20%2B%201%0A%7D https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&editio... Try removing the `return` and the semicolon.
bartkk 7y ago
Thank you. We fixed this unfortunate example, and added some more explanation.

mcjiggerlog 7y ago

Looks like it's down. Webcache version - https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:SHrbchRsRpQJ:https://www.softax.pl/blog/rust-lang-in-a-nutshell-1-introduction https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:SHrbch...

msrokk 7y ago
we had some trouble but now it’s working

dantodor 7y ago

Err Too many redirects

msrokk 7y ago
we had some trouble but now it’s working

Lorkki 7y ago

This seems like a fairly gentle introduction. I will definitely consider it as a starting point for more junior developers interested in touching our Rust code. For those with more experience, Rust By Example walks through the same concepts in a more compact form that also lets you experiment with the code in your browser: https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/index.html https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/index.html

chrismorgan 7y ago

Skimming through this, there are syntax errors (e.g. → instead of -> and ’ instead of ' in some function signatures), inconsistencies in code style, and a number of content errors (e.g. the content surrounding early return is still quite wrong and suggests a lack of understanding of the actual feature, expression-orientation; and the description of what &str is; and the description of Copy and copy semantics being simplified beyond what I would consider truth). Overall it’s a decent summary and most of the content seems correct, but be careful.

sansnomme 7y ago
The arrow thing is probably just editor font ligatures.
- deleted 7y ago
  [deleted]

xwowsersx 7y ago

I highly, highly recommend this crash course from Michael Snoyman: https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2018/10/introducing-rust-crash-course https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2018/10/introducing-rust-crash-...

lordleft 7y ago

I'm increasingly intrigued by Rust. Can anyone recommend a good analysis / benchmarking of Rust compared to C/C++ code? Curious how it fares on a performance basis.

bluejekyll 7y ago
This is by no means scientific, but it’s a fun benchmark, there’s some debate about the fastest Rust options submitted (ie I believe there were faster than C versions that were rejected). C: https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... Clang (for common llvm backend between rust and c): https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust-clang.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... C++: https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/fastest/rust-gpp.html https://benchmarksgame-team.pages.debian.net/benchmarksgame/... Rust is pretty much on par with both C and C++.
- rumanator 7y ago
  > This is by no means scientific, It's actually very scientific (testing hypothesis, measuring results, etc) but might not be generalizable.
  - tasubotadas 7y ago
    What's missing in these tests is that they do not capture the required knowledge by the developer to achieve those results. If anybody has actually checked C/C++ examples, one could see that they use non-trivial techniques/libraries to achieve superior performance. What would be REALLY interesting to see is breakdown of the performance by the years of experience of people that submitted working code examples. I have a feeling that a developer with one year of experience in Java, will probably beat developers with two years of experience in C/C++.
    - igouy 7y ago
      Do you have an example of program performance measurements that do "capture the required knowledge by the developer" ? How can you tell that the knowledge was actually "required" rather than incidental ? Wouldn't it depend exactly what experience they gained in that one year and how relevant it was to the task at hand?

brianzelip 7y ago

Just heard an insightful (for an outsider) podcast episode on Rust with the folks behind much of the resources being shared here in this thread. _An Introduction to Rust featuring Carol Nichols and Jake Goulding_, https://www.heroku.com/podcasts/codeish/34-an-introduction-to-rust https://www.heroku.com/podcasts/codeish/34-an-introduction-t...

cpascal 7y ago

If you are more of an interactive learner I would recommend installing rust on your machine and then cloning the rustlings repo https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings. Rustlings is an interactive collection of rust exercises that are either incorrect or incomplete. The exercises are grouped into key concepts of rust and cross referenced with relevant chapters in the rust book https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ The general flow is to open up the given chapter of the rust book for a set of exercises and hack away at them until they compile. It's a good way to quickly get an introduction to rust and its core features.

tasubotadas 7y ago
Having gone through rustlings while learning rust, I can say that apart syntax overview, they are almost useless. I was much more successful by studying the rust book while trying to solve/implement not completely trivial pet projects.
- QueijoFresco 7y ago
  Do you mind sharing what kind of projects? Just in case you have a list laying around.
  - tasubotadas 7y ago
    That would be something like: * ToDo list with UI * Stock Quote retrieval/analysis * Toy VM/Interpreter
- hechang1997 7y ago
  "Too many linkedlists" is an excellent tutorial for understanding ownership IMO.