> No. Your database is one giant shared mutable state. That doesn't refute anything from the parent post. In fact you prove the parent's point in the very next

> No. Your database is one giant shared mutable state. That doesn't refute anything from the parent post. In fact you prove the parent's point in the very next sentence: > How is using a database safe then? Transactions. Which is to say, you can have shared mutable state, but you need some mechanism to protect access to that state. It is not safe to just access it however you like, which is why database have transactions, and why we have primitives like mutexes for dealing with OS-level threads.