I'd just say that while those who litter usually do so only in situation they believe they can get away with it, they frequently litter because they don't ident

I'd just say that while those who litter usually do so only in situation they believe they can get away with it, they frequently litter because they don't identify as being a part of or responsible to or for the community they're dumping in. In much the same way that the jaywalker is against laws against jaywalking, the litterer doesn't see the point in keeping clean an environment that is uncaring and violent towards them. So in this case, its a lot more often that the transgressor isn't sensitive to the source of shaming. Take a look around at who leaves their trays in fast food restaurants around for others to pick up - its disaffected people, small kids, punks, and out of touch old people who are cynical and nasty about society. About the only people who respond to "shaming" about it are the people who do it due to being completely overwhelmed, like a parent wrangling 3 crying kids around and doesn't even have a free hand, and they're the ones least likely to really be able to respond to it.