We have an uber-based docked bike system in my city (Hamilton) and they charge a small fee for undocked parking. The vast majority of SoBi bikes are kept docke

We have an uber-based docked bike system in my city (Hamilton) and they charge a small fee for undocked parking. The vast majority of SoBi bikes are kept docked, only a handful are left undocked. That hybrid system seems to work well here. Honestly, docked "dumb" bikes were a dead-end, but smart gps-enabled bikes and e-scooters are fantastic. The problem is just that they threw out the baby with the bathwater in completely abandoning docks now that they were no longer technologically necessary. They might not be technologically necessary, but having a designated "parking spot" for these vehicles is still useful from a city-planning perspective.