There is a standard cosmological model called LCDM model, Lambda Cold Dark Matter model, which is basically the minimal thing you can use to fit cosmological ob

There is a standard cosmological model called LCDM model, Lambda Cold Dark Matter model, which is basically the minimal thing you can use to fit cosmological observations, it contains a cosmological constant and cold dark matter, that is dark matter that is heavy enough that it is cold in the present universe. From the cosmic microwave background and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), that is basically the distribution of galaxies, you can measure values for your favorite cosmological model. There are additionally for the dark matter density galactic rotation curves and for the cosmological constant super nova data. Now dark energy is basically another name for the cosmological constant. (In general relativity the cosmological constant gives you the curvature of empty space, and dark energy is the same term moved to the right hand side.) However, the philosophical difference is, that sufficiently funny particles, like for example the Higgs, can easily mimic the effect of an cosmological constant. So there is an industry of people who calculate the effects of different extensions of the standard model on LCDM cosmology. Now, above I said that CMB, BAO and SN data all agree in cosmological observations on the value of the cosmological constant. So for it to be wrong, it needs to either evolve, or several different measurements need to conspire to mask the effect of an constant. So my assumption is, either their non standard evolution is compatible with LCDM cosmology, or there is something wrong with the analysis.