The difference is that the Japanese system achieves those numbers in very different ways from the Canadian one [0]. > Many confessions are extracted under dure

The difference is that the Japanese system achieves those numbers in very different ways from the Canadian one [0]. > Many confessions are extracted under duress. Some of those who admit guilt are plainly innocent, as recent exonerations have shown > Common criminal suspects may be held in detention for 23 days without charge. Many have only minimal contact with a lawyer. Few interrogations are recorded, and then not in their entirety, so there is not much to stop interrogators piling in. Physical torture is rare, but sleep deprivation, which is just as effective, is common. So are various other forms of psychological coercion. Some interrogators use moral blackmail (“Think of the shame you are bringing on your family”). A few, if they are convinced that the suspect is guilty, simply fabricate a confession and press the suspect into signing it. This is as far from "justice" as it can be and puts those numbers in a very shameful light. Whether the ends justify the means is up for debate but these methods are officially incompatible with most western democracy values (the US being one major exception - Guantanamo) and more in line with authoritarian states. [0] https://www.economist.com/leaders/2015/12/05/forced-to-confess https://www.economist.com/leaders/2015/12/05/forced-to-confe...