This top-heaviness seems strongly correlated (and possibly causally related) with the drive to brand "administration" as a specialized skill needing its own exp

This top-heaviness seems strongly correlated (and possibly causally related) with the drive to brand "administration" as a specialized skill needing its own experts, and keeping away bottom-up domain experts who would evolve into these roles (keeping one foot in the domain and another foot in administration/management). This also means a greater degree of centralization in decision-making, which Herbert Simon already observed in 1991: Suppose that [“a mythical visitor from Mars”] approaches the Earth from space, equipped with a telescope that revels social structures. The firms reveal themselves, say, as solid green areas with faint interior contours marking out divisions and departments. Market transactions show as red lines connecting firms, forming a network in the spaces between them. Within firms (and perhaps even between them) the approaching visitor also sees pale blue lines, the lines of authority connecting bosses with various levels of workers. As our visitors looked more carefully at the scene beneath, it might see one of the green masses divide, as a firm divested itself of one of its divisions. Or it might see one green object gobble up another. At this distance, the departing golden parachutes would probably not be visible. No matter whether our visitor approached the United States or the Soviet Union, urban China or the European Community, the greater part of the space below it would be within green areas, for almost all of the inhabitants would be employees, hence inside the firm boundaries. Organizations would be the dominant feature of the landscape. A message sent back home, describing the scene, would speak of “large green areas interconnected by red lines.” It would not likely speak of “a network of red lines connecting green spots.” -- It is interesting to try to relate that phenomenon to the "cost disease".