Medicine is one class of skill. However, there are others in the same vein as programming: * fine arts (drawing, painting) * music * football and other

Medicine is one class of skill. However, there are others in the same vein as programming: * fine arts (drawing, painting) * music * football and other sports * creative writing I'd guess that any student majoring in the above fields already possessed basic (or even advanced) skills before entering the university. On the other side, there are fields that are more "professional", where students only begin learning these disciplines at college: * medicine * psychology * economics * law Obviously, students are exposed to concepts before college, but they wait until they get the professional credential before doing surgery, filing lawsuits, prescribing antidepressants, or raising interest rates.