The Unicode functions of Glk use UTF-32 (and numbers outside of Unicode range are used for function keys), and Glulx supports strings of 32-bit characters (usua

The Unicode functions of Glk use UTF-32 (and numbers outside of Unicode range are used for function keys), and Glulx supports strings of 32-bit characters (usually Unicode, although this is not required) (strings of 8-bit characters are also supported, but this doesn't support UTF-8 or any other multibyte encoding). (However, strings in Glulx are usually huffed anyways, so other than the temporary buffers you would ordinarily store a variable number of bits per character (or sometimes a string of several characters has its own code), and can be shorter than using UTF-8 or UTF-32 or other uncompressed encodings.) The stuff you mention does make Unicode very messy though.