Short pithy answer: Exact real arithmetic is still an open research problem. Slightly longer answer: To the extent that they are formal languages, they both ha

Short pithy answer: Exact real arithmetic is still an open research problem. Slightly longer answer: To the extent that they are formal languages, they both have the same ability to express things. More philosophical answer: Mathematics has a tradition of extension. Have a new idea you want to express as concisely as possible because you are going to be using it a lot? Grab a handful of Greek letters, symbols, funny fonts, and random other typography, and go to town. Outside of Lisp,[1] this flexibility is hard to do in most programming languages. [1] But inside a dog, it's too dark to read.