Quantum teleportation isn't a very good name. The best name I can come up with is "sending quantum information over a classical channel using a quantum one-time

Quantum teleportation isn't a very good name. The best name I can come up with is "sending quantum information over a classical channel using a quantum one-time pad". More precisely, let's say Alice has a qubit X in some unknown state, and also Alice and Bob have a pair of qubits A and B in a certain known state with a preexisting mystical link between them. Now Alice can apply a certain quantum gate to X and A, measure them, and send the two classical bits to Bob over ordinary internet. Then Bob can use these bits to choose which quantum gate to apply to B, making it end up in exactly the same state that X started with. The original state of X is "spent" in the process, Alice can't access it anymore. The mystical link between A and B is also "spent", they can't be used the same way again, unless Alice and Bob bring them physically together and reestablish the link. The coolest part is that if X was mystically linked to something else, then Bob's qubit ends up mystically linked to the same thing. The math details are pretty simple (some reflections and 45-degree rotations in 4-dimensional space) but involve some unusual notation that this comment is too small to explain.