Yes, that's why non PoW distributed ledger like the XRPL work essentially the same by only sorting Tx by time and then use a federated byzantine agreement to "f

Yes, that's why non PoW distributed ledger like the XRPL work essentially the same by only sorting Tx by time and then use a federated byzantine agreement to "filter out" Tx that did not propagate trough the network in a specific time and thus cant be put in correct order. These Tx will be added to the next ledger(block) instead which isn't a problem if block times are just seconds.