Productivity gains can increase faster than demographics change. Keynes predicted that we could move to a fifteen-hour working week and keep living at 1930s sta

Productivity gains can increase faster than demographics change. Keynes predicted that we could move to a fifteen-hour working week and keep living at 1930s standards. He was right, but collectively we decided to work about the same and consume more instead. In the next fifty years, perhaps our standard of living won't increase as much, but it won't crash purely because of demographic changes. And focusing more on preventative healthcare doesn't address the problem, either. As the author points out, 50% of healthcare spending is spent on people with less than 30 days to live. If you "prevent liver failure" or whatever, people live a year longer and die of heart failure instead. There isn't a realistic direction for medical research that prevents all diseases requiring care, and leaves everyone 100% healthy until one day they are dead.