The author’s point is moot. XML is a markup language intended to convey semantics. By its nature it is a data markup language, because the intent is that a part

The author’s point is moot. XML is a markup language intended to convey semantics. By its nature it is a data markup language, because the intent is that a particular type of information lives in specific tags. For humans, this is documents with certain meanings attached. For computers, it’s documents with certain meanings attached. It’s all data. XML is a data markup language. It’s just that humans call it “semantics” in a “document.”