I'm not sure that other companies near the scale of Gmail have a lower false positive rate. Sure something niche like fastmail which is going to have, on averag

I'm not sure that other companies near the scale of Gmail have a lower false positive rate. Sure something niche like fastmail which is going to have, on average, much more tech-savy users, will have more accurate user-reported spam filters. Yahoo / Microsoft don't seem to do any better than Google here though, in my experience they're both actually worse.