Are those profitable to the tune of 500M? Ultimately investors in some of these research projects don't recoup their money. They used to do it because it was

Are those profitable to the tune of 500M? Ultimately investors in some of these research projects don't recoup their money. They used to do it because it was the prevailing culture of the day, e.g. see Xerox PARC or Bell Labs. Today it seems they have to get tricked into it.