The Pygmalion effect contradicts what you wrote. It showed that society's expectation of a student (regarding his intelligence) play a direct role on grades. ht

The Pygmalion effect contradicts what you wrote. It showed that society's expectation of a student (regarding his intelligence) play a direct role on grades. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmalion_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmalion_effect