Indeed. X32 is beneficial for an application that - Never needs more than 4 GB RAM (because it's not worth the usability downsides from having two binaries and

Indeed. X32 is beneficial for an application that - Never needs more than 4 GB RAM (because it's not worth the usability downsides from having two binaries and letting the user choose which to use, just for a small performance boost) - Is performance critical - Performance is bound by memory and/or cache bandwidth - A large share of the program memory usage is due to pointers The intersection of all the above is just vanishingly small in reality. X32 was never more than a gimmick to score a few extra points in SPECcpu. And thus people rightfully ignored it.