ROP gadgets are indeed clever. Meanwhile there are efforts afoot [1,2] to mitigate this line of attack by removing all of the ROP gadgets, which is also rather

ROP gadgets are indeed clever. Meanwhile there are efforts afoot [1,2] to mitigate this line of attack by removing all of the ROP gadgets, which is also rather clever. [1] https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-paper.pdf https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-paper.pdf [2] https://www.openbsd.org/papers/eurobsdcon2018-rop.pdf https://www.openbsd.org/papers/eurobsdcon2018-rop.pdf