Quivering in fear of punishment, and thus being motivated by avoidance of punishment, is the very definition of negative reinforcement. Fear of punishment is no

Quivering in fear of punishment, and thus being motivated by avoidance of punishment, is the very definition of negative reinforcement. Fear of punishment is not positive reinforcement as you are claiming in your comment. Motivation by fear of punishment is negative reinforcement. That's how negative reinforcement works.