Those are different recipes, but I'm not sure that's where the "art" comes in. The challenge of baking is that the components aren't very standardized. You won

Those are different recipes, but I'm not sure that's where the "art" comes in. The challenge of baking is that the components aren't very standardized. You won't get a consistently good result by robotically mixing 1000.0g flour with 7.00 g yeast and 650 mL distilled 35˚C water, and mixing for 400 seconds. The flour varies from bag to bag, even of the same brand. Yeast is alive and responds differently depending on the temperature and other conditions; sourdough cultures are even more finicky. As a result, there's an "art" to knowing when to add more water/flour or deciding when the bread is ready to shape and bake. I would bet you could get this more under control in a commercial/industrial setting, where you've got proofing cabinets that control the ambient temp/humidity and other specialized equipment. At home though, you've more or less got to do it by feel.