The counterexamples: Facebook and Microsoft exist, yet Slack is worth over a billion dollars. Facebook, Microsoft and Cisco exist, and Zoom is over a billion.

The counterexamples: Facebook and Microsoft exist, yet Slack is worth over a billion dollars. Facebook, Microsoft and Cisco exist, and Zoom is over a billion. I can't find a valuation for Bluejeans is doing, but they're no slouch either (they've raised at least 100M). Google tried to kill Facebook this way, and failed.