There are a number of religious themes blended in Dune. The main religious text is the Orange Catholic Bible, which by name implicates Catholicism/Christianity

There are a number of religious themes blended in Dune. The main religious text is the Orange Catholic Bible, which by name implicates Catholicism/Christianity, but also includes Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism. It even includes hypothetical blends of Islam/Buddhism and Christianity/Buddhism. Frank Herbert never fully explains how all religions eventually ended up blended into one, but he does explore the religion quite a bit, and some background is given in the prequels that his son wrote. I enjoy it, because I feel very clever when I recognize how some idea in Dune can be traced to an existing religion or philosophy. https://dune.fandom.com/wiki/Orange_Catholic_Bible https://dune.fandom.com/wiki/Orange_Catholic_Bible Edit: to speak more to your main topic, I believe the Bene Gesserit tradition of following matriarchal lineage comes from some part of Judaism.