"When you want to influence the world around you, make sure that your action is causally connected to whatever you want to influence." How can we know when an

"When you want to influence the world around you, make sure that your action is causally connected to whatever you want to influence." How can we know when an action is causally connected to an effect? Western philosophy since David Hume has struggled to find a solution to this problem. The 'problem of causality' is that it is extremely difficult to establish cause and effect with any degree of certainty. All we have is correlation. Modern thinkers (e.g. Judea Pearl) are still grappling with this problem today. Pearl's fascinating talk on this subject at PyData 2018 is available on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaPV1OSEpHw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaPV1OSEpHw