Some systems will have stricter latency requirements than that -- microseconds, always, no exceptions (e.g. studio audio, network packet processing, industrial

Some systems will have stricter latency requirements than that -- microseconds, always, no exceptions (e.g. studio audio, network packet processing, industrial controls). Others will have maximizing throughput as a goal (e.g. x264). In both cases CPU cache could be a bottleneck and GC would be the enemy.